Jump to:

Aluminum and Magnesium Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and Related Metals Fundamental Practices Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys Laboratory Quality Ni and Co and High Temperature Alloys Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials Terminology and Editorial Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Re

Aluminum and Magnesium

E34-11e1 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys (Withdrawn 2017)

E607-02 Standard Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Technique Nitrogen Atmosphere

E1251-17a Standard Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E35-88(2002) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys (Withdrawn 2008)

E2792-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion

E716-16(2021)e2 Standard Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E227-90(1996) Standard Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the Point-to-Plane Technique (Withdrawn 2002)

E3061-24 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance Based)

Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and Related Metals

E478-08(2017) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys

E88-11(2017) Standard Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition

E118-89(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Chromium Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)

E1446-13 Standard Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Refined Gold by Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2022)

E1833-07a(2013)e1 Standard Practice for Sampling of Blister Copper in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 2022)

E37-05(2011) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Pig Lead (Withdrawn 2020)

E2575-19 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Copper and Copper Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion

E106-83(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Beryllium Alloys (Withdrawn 2011)

E62-89(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)

E75-76(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Nickel and Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)

E53-07(2013) Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed Copper by Gravimetry (Withdrawn 2022)

E1771-07 Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper in Anode and Blister Copper (Withdrawn 2016)

E121-83(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Tellurium Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)

E1659-12 Standard Test Methods for Coating Mass and Chemical Analysis of Zinc-Nickel Alloy Electrolytically Coated on Steel Sheet (Withdrawn 2021)

E581-17A(2022)e1 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Manganese-Copper Alloys

E1277-23 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischmetal Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E55-23 Standard Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition

E255-23 Standard Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition

E536-23 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc Alloys

E634-23 Standard Practice for Sampling Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E439-23 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Beryllium

E2824-23 Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in Copper-Beryllium Alloys by Phosphate Gravimetry

E396-24 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium

E1335-24 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Gold in Bullion by Fire Assay Cupellation Analysis

Fundamental Practices

E1184-21 Standard Practice for Determination of Elements by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E406-19 Standard Practice for Using Controlled Atmospheres in Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E116-97 Standard Practice for Photographic Photometry in Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)

E172-90(1999) Practice for Describing and Specifying the Excitation Source in Emission Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2001)

E1622-94(1999)e1 Standard Practice for Correction of Spectral Line Overlap in Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2006)

E305-21 Standard Practice for Establishing and Controlling Spark Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves

E1257-16 Standard Guide for Evaluating Grinding Materials Used for Surface Preparation in Spectrochemical Analysis

E1832-08(2017) Standard Practice for Describing and Specifying a Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer

E1097-12(2017) Standard Guide for Determination of Various Elements by Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E1770-19 Standard Practice for Optimization of Instrumentation for Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E2028-99(2005) Standard Practice for Receiving, Testing and Reporting Results of Investigation of Metal, Ore, or Metal Related Samples that Are or May Be Involved in Litigation (Withdrawn 2014)

E863-98(2004)e1 Standard Practice for Describing Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Equipment (Withdrawn 2004)

E1507-98(2003) Standard Guide for Describing and Specifying the Spectrometer of an Optical Emission Direct-Reading Instrument (Withdrawn 2003)

E130-08 Standard Practice for Designation of Shapes and Sizes of Graphite Electrodes (Withdrawn 2013)

E416-98(2004) Standard Practice for Planning and Safe Operation of a Spectrochemical Laboratory (Withdrawn 2005)

E1024-97(2004) Standard Guide for Chemical Analysis of Metals and Metal Bearing Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (Withdrawn 2004)

E1059-91(2012) Standard Practice for Designating Shapes and Sizes of Nongraphite Counter Electrodes (Withdrawn 2013)

E1812-96(2004)e1 Standard Practice for Optimization of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Equipment (Withdrawn 2004)

E1361-02(2021) Standard Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis

E1282-21 Standard Guide for Specifying the Chemical Compositions and Selecting Sampling Practices and Quantitative Analysis Methods for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

E60-11(2022)e1 Standard Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials by Spectrophotometry

E1621-22 Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

E1306-22 Standard Practice for Preparation of Metal and Alloy Samples by Electric Arc Melting for Spectrochemical Analysis

E115-97 Standard Practice for Photographic Processing in Optical Emission Spectrographic Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)

E1172-22 Standard Practice for Describing and Specifying a Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer

E3346-22 Standard Guide for Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction Instruments for use in Analyzing Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

E520-08(2023)e1 Standard Practice for Describing Photomultiplier Detectors in Emission and Absorption Spectrometry

E1479-24 Standard Practice for Describing and Specifying Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometers

E1916-24 Standard Guide for Identification of Mixed Lots of Metals

E50-24 Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys

E415-21 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E327-94 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Stainless Type 18-8 Steels by the Point-To-Plane Technique (Withdrawn 1999)

E361-99 Standard Test Methods for the Determination of Arsenic and Lead in Ferromanganese (Withdrawn 2005)

E362-99 Standard Test Methods for the Determination of Arsenic and Lead in Silicomanganese and Ferrosilicon Manganese (Withdrawn 2005)

E404-95(2000)e1 Standard Test Method for Spectrographic Determination of Boron In Carbon and Low Alloy Steel by the Point-To-Plane Technique (Withdrawn 2006)

E364-94(2000) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Ferrochrome-Silicon (Withdrawn 2006)

E365-99 Standard Test Methods for the Determination of Vanadium in Ferrovanadium and Vanadium Alloying Additives (Withdrawn 2005)

E372-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium and Magnesium in Magnesium Ferrosilicon by EDTA Titrimetry

E32-21 Standard Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination of Chemical Composition

E572-21 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Stainless and Alloy Steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

E1010-16 Standard Practice for Preparation of Disk Specimens of Steel and Iron by Remelting for Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2022)

E351-18 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron—All Types

E322-12 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels and Cast Irons by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2021)

E485-94(2005) Standard Test Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometric Analysis of Blast Furnace Iron by the Point-to-Plane Technique

E360-96(2001) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Silicon and Ferrosilicon (Withdrawn 2006)

E1009-95(2006) Standard Practice for Evaluating an Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometer to Analyze Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel (Withdrawn 2015)

E371-00 Standard Test Method for the Determination of Boron in Ferroboron (Withdrawn 2006)

E353-19e1 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys

E354-21e1 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys

E367-22 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Ferroniobium

E1086-22 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E2209-22 Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Manganese Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E1085-22 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

E1806-23 Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

E363-23 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Chromium and Ferrochromium

E1999-23 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Cast Iron by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E350-23 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron

E352-23 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Tool Steels and Other Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels

E1852-24 Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Levels of Antimony in Carbon, Low-Alloy and Stainless Steel by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E1019-24 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by Combustion and Inert Gas Fusion Techniques

Laboratory Quality

E158-86(1996)e1 Standard Practice for Fundamental Calculations to Convert Intensities into Concentrations in Optical Emission Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2004)

E876-89(1994)e1 Standard Practice for Use of Statistics in the Evaluation of Spectrometric Data (Withdrawn 2003)

E1831-96 Standard Guide for Preparing Certificates for Reference Materials Relating to Chemical Composition of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2005)

E2054-99 Practice for Performance-Based Description of Instruments in Chemical Analysis Methods (Withdrawn 2005)

E2053-00 Standard Guide for Planning, Carrying Out, and Reporting Traceable Chemical Analyses of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2006)

E2055-99 Standard Practice for Referencing Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2006)

E2165-01 Standard Practice for Establishing an Uncertainty Budget for the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2007)

E2437-05 Standard Practice for Designing and Validating Performance-Based Test Methods for the Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2014)

E2438-05 Standard Practice for Implementing Standard Performance Based Test Methods for the Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2014)

E2410-04 Standard Practice for Designing and Validating Performance Based Test Methods for the Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2006)

E2093-12(2016) Standard Guide for Optimizing, Controlling and Assessing Test Method Uncertainties from Multiple Workstations in the Same Laboratory Organization

E1950-17 Standard Practice for Reporting Results from Methods of Chemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2023)

E2027-17e1 Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials (Withdrawn 2022)

E882-10(2016)e1 Standard Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory

E2972-15(2019) Standard Guide for Production, Testing, and Value Assignment of In-House Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Other Related Materials

E1329-10 Standard Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2019)

E1601-19 Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method

E1763-06 Standard Guide for Interpretation and Use of Results from Interlaboratory Testing of Chemical Analysis Methods (Withdrawn 2015)

E826-14 Standard Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2023)

E1724-95(2001) Standard Guide for Testing and Certification of Metal and Metal-Related Reference Materials (Withdrawn 2010)

E1914-07 Standard Practice for Use of Terms Relating to the Development and Evaluation of Methods for Chemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2016)

E1691-95(2001) Standard Guide for Evaluation and Assessment of Analytical Chemistry Laboratories (Withdrawn 2007)

E3330-22 Standard Guide for Contents of Documentation and Statistical Treatments for Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

E2857-22 Standard Guide for Validating Analytical Methods

Ni and Co and High Temperature Alloys

E107-88(1998) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Electronic Nickel (Withdrawn 2003)

E76-88(1998) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)

E2823-17 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (Performance-Based)

E1587-17 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Refined Nickel

E1834-18 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E2594-20 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based)

E1938-13(2018) Standard Test Method for Determination of Titanium in Nickel Alloys by Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometry

E1917-13(2018) Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Nickel, Ferronickel, and Nickel Alloys by Phosphovanadomolybdate Spectrophotometry

E1835-14(2022) Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E3047-22 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

E1473-22 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys

E2465-23 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Ni-Base Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials

E389-21 Standard Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis at 4.75 mm (No.4) Sieve and Coarser for Metal-Bearing Ores and Related Materials

E1898-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Silver in Copper Concentrates by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E2242-21 Standard Test Method for Column Percolation Extraction of Mine Rock by the Meteoric Water Mobility Procedure

E877-21 Standard Practice for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Iron Ores and Related Materials for Determination of Chemical Composition and Physical Properties

E246-21 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Iron in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Dichromate Titrimetry

E2294-21 Standard Practice for Proof Silver Corrections in Metal Bearing Ores, Concentrates, and Related Materials by Fire Assay Gravimetry

E1805-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Gold in Copper Concentrates by Fire Assay Gravimetry

E508-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium and Magnesium in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E507-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Aluminum in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

E463-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Silica in Fluorspar by Silico-Molybdate Visible Spectrophotometry

E278-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by Phosphomolybdate Coprecipitation and Nitric Acid Titrimetry

E247-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Silica in Manganese Ores, Iron Ores, and Related Materials by Gravimetry

E382-20 Standard Test Method for Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets and Direct-Reduced Iron

E1915-20 Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Metal Bearing Ores and Related Materials for Carbon, Sulfur, and Acid-Base Characteristics

E279-18 Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Iron Ore Pellets, Lump, and Sinter by the Tumbler Test

E1031-96 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Iron-Making and Steel-Making Slags by X-Ray Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2002)

E1028-98 Standard Test Method for Total Iron in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Dichromate Titrimetry (Withdrawn 2003)

E1081-95a Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Iron in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Silver Reduction-Dichromate Titration (Withdrawn 2002)

E945-12 Standard Test Method for Determination of Zinc in Zinc Ores and Concentrates by EDTA Complexometric Titrimetry (Withdrawn 2021)

E841-12a Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2021)

E738-20 Standard Test Method for Determination of Aluminum in Iron Ores and Related Materials by EDTA Complexometric Titrimetry

E878-20 Standard Test Method for Determination of Titanium in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Diantipyrylmethane Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

E248-20 Standard Test Method for Determination of Manganese in Manganese Ores by Pyrophosphate Complexed Permanganate Potentiometric Titrimetry

E2050-17 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Carbon in Mold Powders by Combustion

E1070-17a Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by Phospho-Molybdenum-Blue Spectrophotometry

E316-17 Standard Test Method for Determination of Iron in Manganese Ores by Hydrogen Sulfide Reduction-Dichromate Titrimetry

E2293-19 Standard Practice for Drying of Metal Bearing Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials for the Determination of Mercury

E2941-21 Standard Practices for Extraction of Elements from Ores and Related Metallurgical Materials by Acid Digestion

E395-02 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Iron Ores and Related Materials by Combustion-Iodate Titration (Withdrawn 2007)

E400-02 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Ores, Minerals, and Rocks by the Fire Assay Preconcentration Optical Emission Spectroscopy (Withdrawn 2007)

E402-02 Standard Test Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Uranium Oxide (U₃O₈)by Gallium Oxide-Carrier Technique (Withdrawn 2007)

E2296-21 Standard Practice for Silver Corrections in Metal Bearing Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials by Fire Assay Slag Recycling and Cupel Proof Gravimetry

E276-21 Standard Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis at 4.75 mm (No. 4) Sieve and Finer for Metal-Bearing Ores and Related Materials

E2295-21 Standard Practice for Fire Assay Silver Corrections in Analysis of Metal Bearing Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials by Silver Determination in Slags and Cupels

E1568-21 Standard Test Method for Determination of Gold in Activated Carbon by Fire Assay Gravimetry

E342-23 Standard Test Method for Determination of Chromium Oxide in Chrome Ores by Permanganate Titrimetry

E465-23 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Manganese (IV) in Manganese Ores by Redox Titrimetry

E1600-23 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Gold in Cyanide Solutions

E815-17b(2023) Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium Fluoride in Fluorspar by EDTA Complexometric Titrimetry

E314-24 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Manganese in Iron Ores by Pyrophosphate Potentiometry and Periodate Spectrophotometry Techniques

Terminology and Editorial

E135-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Re

E120-00 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)

E1552-15 Standard Test Method for Determining Hafnium in Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys By Direct Current Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2021)

E539-19 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

E1941-10(2016) Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis

E1937-04 Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique (Withdrawn 2005)

E315-04 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Molybdenum (Withdrawn 2010)

E1569-09 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Tantalum Powder by Inert Gas Fusion Technique (Withdrawn 2018)

E2626-08e1 Standard Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)

E2994-21 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Method)

E2371-21a Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Test Methodology)

E1409-13(2021) Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion

E1447-22 Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Reactive Metals and Reactive Metal Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion with Detection by Thermal Conductivity or Infrared Spectrometry